EPA evaluated 1-bromopropane (1-BP) under the amended Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and completed the final risk evaluation in August 2020. The next step in the process required by TSCA is addressing these risks. EPA will now begin the process of developing ways to address the unreasonable risks identified and has up to one year to propose and take public comments on any risk management actions.

Find information about other chemicals undergoing risk evaluations under TSCA. 

On this page:

• Background on 1-BP
• Uses of 1-BP
• Risk Evaluation of 1-BP under Amended TSCA
• Review of 1-BP Prior to Amended TSCA

Background on 1-BP

1-BP is used as a solvent in commercial and industrial applications and as a reactant in the manufacturing of other chemical substances. Information from the 2016 Chemical Data Reporting data shows the total manufactured volume, including imports, was nearly 26 million pounds of 1-BP in the U.S in 2015.

Uses of 1-BP

Common commercial uses of 1-BP are as a solvent in vapor degreasing, dry cleaning, spot cleaners, stain removers, adhesives, sealants, and automobile care products. Consumer uses include adhesives, degreasers, cleaners, and automobile care products.

Risk Evaluation of 1-BP under Amended TSCA

In August 2020, EPA released the final risk evaluation for 1-BP. The final risk evaluation identifies unreasonable risks to workers, occupational non-users, consumers, and bystanders from 1-BP exposure under 16 out of 25 conditions of use. EPA did not find unreasonable risks to the environment or the general population from the evaluated uses of this chemical.

• Read the final risk evaluation for 1-BP.

In August 2019, EPA released the draft risk evaluation for 1-BP for public comment and peer review. 

• Read the draft risk evaluation for 1-BP.
• Learn more about the peer review for 1-BP.

In June 2017, EPA released the scope document for 1-BP which included the hazards, exposures, conditions of use, and the potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulations EPA expected to consider in its risk evaluation. In June 2018, EPA released the problem formulation for 1-BP which refined the scope of the risk evaluation by clarifying the chemical conditions of use that EPA expected to evaluate and describing how EPA expected to conduct the evaluation.

• Read the problem formulation for 1-BP.
• Read the scope document and supplemental files for 1-BP.

After releasing the scope documents for each of the first 10 chemicals undergoing risk evaluation under TSCA, the dockets for each of these first 10 chemicals were open for public comments. Read EPA’s Responses to Public Comments Received on the Scope Documents for the First Ten Chemicals for Risk Evaluation under TSCA. This document addresses cross-cutting public comments received in response to the scope document.

Review of 1-BP Prior to Amended TSCA

Prior to the Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act, EPA completed a draft risk assessment for 1-BP in 2016, addressing occupational and consumer uses in spray adhesives, dry-cleaning (including spot cleaners), and degreasing operations and published the following information. 

• Draft Assessment
• Peer Review Plan
• Peer Review Charge Questions (Draft)
• Public Comments (Docket: EPA-HQ-OPPT-2015-0084)
  • Supplemental File 1:  1-BP Cancer Risk Estimates
  • Supplemental File 2:  1-BP Non-Cancer MOE Risk Estimates
  • Supplemental File 3:  Consumer Exposure Calculations
• Model Averaging for Dichotomous Response Benchmark Dose (MADr-BMD) Tool