Risk Evaluation for C.I. Pigment Violet 29
EPA evaluated C.I. Pigment Violet 29 (PV29) under the amended Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and completed the final risk evaluation in January 2021. The next step in the process required by TSCA is addressing these risks. EPA will now begin the process of developing ways to address the unreasonable risks identified and has one year to propose and take public comments on any risk management actions.
Find information about other chemicals undergoing risk evaluations under TSCA.
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Background on PV29
PV29 is a chemical used as a pigment, primarily as an intermediate and in paints, coatings, and plastics. Information from the 2016 Chemical Data Reporting data shows the total manufactured volume, including imports, was more than 600,000 pounds of PV29 in the U.S in 2015.
Uses of PV29
PV29 is currently manufactured, processed, distributed, used, and disposed of as part of industrial, commercial, and consumer conditions of use. Leading applications for this chemical include use as an intermediate to create or adjust color of other perylene pigments, incorporation into paints and coatings primarily in the automobile industry, incorporation into plastic and rubber products primarily in automobiles and industrial carpeting, use in merchant ink for commercial printing, and use in consumer watercolors and artistic color.
Risk Evaluation of PV29 under Amended TSCA
In January 2021, EPA released the final risk evaluation for PV29. The final risk evaluation shows that there are unreasonable risks to workers and occupational non-users from 10 conditions of use. EPA found no unreasonable risk to consumers, bystanders, the general population, or the environment.
In October 2020, EPA released a revised draft risk evaluation for PV29 for public comment and peer review.
In February 2020, EPA issued test orders under section 4 of TSCA to obtain new information to help address the data uncertainties identified during the peer review of the November 2018 draft risk evaluation.
In November 2018, EPA released a draft risk evaluation for PV29 for public comment and peer review.
- The November 2018 draft risk evaluation and supporting documents are available in docket EPA-HQ-OPPT-2018-0604 on www.regulations.gov.
In June 2017, EPA released the scope document for PV29 which included the hazards, exposures, conditions of use, and the potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulations EPA expected to consider in its risk evaluation. In June 2018, EPA released the problem formulation for PV29 which refined the scope of the risk evaluation by clarifying the chemical conditions of use that EPA expected to evaluate and describing how EPA expected to conduct the evaluation.
After releasing the scope documents, the dockets for each of the first 10 chemicals were open for public comments. Read EPA’s Responses to Public Comments Received on the Scope Documents for the First Ten Chemicals for Risk Evaluation under TSCA. This document addresses cross-cutting public comments received in response to EPA publishing the scope documents.