• Computing the benchmark dose (BMD) and lower confidence limits (BMDLs)
• Preparing for a BMD analysis
• Modeling the data
• Assessing how well the model describes the data
• Advising on U.S. EPA reporting requirements specific to the use of BMDs and BMDLs

Also, review the technical guidance for choosing the appropriate stage of a multistage model for cancer modeling.

EPA’s Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS) was designed to facilitate applying the BMD methods described in the Technical Guidance.

Note: Because applying the BMD approach and interpreting the results can be technically challenging, it is recommended that BMD modeling be performed by or in collaboration with personnel who are expert in the statistical procedures and potential pitfalls of this type of analysis. The Technical Guidance document discusses in more detail a number of issues that support consistent application of the BMD approach.