Many brownfields are cleaned up under “risk-based” cleanup programs. Risk-based cleanup methods focus cleanup resources on the reduction of risk and harm prevention, based upon the intended reuse of a property. A typical result of a risk-based cleanup is that some contamination is left on site. In such cases, engineering controls, institutional controls, or land use restrictions may be implemented to reduce human and environmental exposure to any remaining on-site contamination.

• Risk-Based Brownfields Cleanups (PDF)(2 pp, 268 K)