This state of the science document provides a judgment on the degree to which nonmonotonic dose-responses are evidenced in the scientific literature and evaluates the extent to which they may impact EPA’s chemical testing and risk assessment.

• EPA’s State of the Science Evaluation: Nonmonotonic Dose Responses as They Apply to Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Pathways and EPA Testing and Assessment Procedures (Draft) (PDF)(178 pp, 4 MB)
• Appendix A: Mammalian Studies Describing the Effects of Chemicals That Disrupt the Estrogen Signaling Pathways (PDF)(92 pp, 2 MB)
• Appendix B: Mammalian Studies Describing the Effects of Chemicals That Disrupt the Androgen Signaling Pathways (PDF)(91 pp, 2 MB)
• Appendix C: Mammalian Studies Describing the Effects of Chemicals That Disrupt the Thyroid Signaling Pathways (PDF)(59 pp, 4 MB)
• Appendix D: Aquatic Ecotoxicology Studies (PDF)(15 pp, 523 K)