SAM Acronyms and Abbreviations
A |
|
|---|---|
| ACS | American Chemical Society |
| AOAC | AOAC International (formerly the Association of Official Analytical Chemists) |
| APCI | Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization |
| APHA | American Public Health Association |
| APHL | Association of Public Health Laboratories |
| ASM | American Society for Microbiology |
| ASR | Analytical Service Requests |
| ASTM | ASTM International (formerly the American Society for Testing and Materials) |
| ATP | Alternate test procedure |
| ATSDR | Agency of Toxic Substances & Disease Registry |
| AWWA | American Water Works Association |
B |
|
| BA | Bacillus anthracis |
| BAM | Bacteriological Analytical Manual |
| BCYE | Buffered charcoal yeast extract |
| BCYE GPCV | Buffered charcoal yeast extract with glycine, polymyxin B, cycloheximide and vancomycin |
| BCYE PCV | Buffered charcoal yeast extract with polymyxin B, cycloheximide and vancomycin |
| BEH | Ethylene-bridged hybrid |
| BGMK | Buffalo green monkey kidney |
| BHT | Butylated hydroxytoluene |
| BMBL | Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories |
| BoNT | Botulinum neurotoxin |
| BSL | Biosafety level |
| BTX | Brevetoxin |
| BZ | Quinuclidinyl benzilate |
C |
|
| °C | Degree Celsius |
| CAS RN® | Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number |
| CBR | Chemical, biological and/or radiological |
| CCD | Charge-coupled device |
| CCID | Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CFR | Code of Federal Regulations |
| CFSAN | Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) |
| CHCA | α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid |
| CLLE | Continuous liquid-liquid extraction |
| CLP | Contract Laboratory Program |
| CPE | Cytopathic effect |
| cps | Counts per second |
| CT | Cycle threshold |
| CVAA | 2-Chlorovinylarsonous acid |
| CVAFS | Cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry |
| CVAOA | 2-Chlorovinylarsonic acid |
| CWA | Chemical Warfare Agent |
D |
|
| 2,4-D | 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
| DA | Domoic acid |
| DAI | Direct aqueous injection |
| DAPI | 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole |
| DAS | Diacetoxyscirpenol |
| DAS-HG-HSA | Diacetoxyscirpenol hemiglutarate human serum albumin |
| DAS-HS-HRP | Diacetoxyscirpenol hemisuccinate horseradish peroxidase conjugate |
| DB-1 | 100% Dimethylpolysiloxane |
| DBPR | Division of Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response |
| dcNEOSTX | Decarbamoylneosaxitoxin |
| dcSTX | Decarbamoylsaxitoxin |
| DHHS | U.S. Department of Health and Human Services |
| DHS | U.S. Department of Homeland Security |
| DIC | Differential interference contrast |
| DIMP | Diisopropyl methylphosphonate |
| DL | Detection limit |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| 2,4-DNPH | 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine |
| DOC | U.S. Department of Commerce |
| DoD | U.S. Department of Defense |
| DOE | U.S. Department of Energy |
| DOT | U.S. Department of Transportation |
| DPD | N,N-Diethyl-p-phenylenediamine |
| DQO | Data quality objective |
| DTPA | Diethylenetriamine-pentaacetate |
| DVL | Detection verification level |
E |
|
| EA2192 | S-2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioic acid |
| EC | Escherichia coli |
| ECD | Electron capture detector |
| e-CFR | Electronic Code of Federal Regulations |
| ECL | Electrochemiluminescence |
| ED | Ethyldichloroarsine |
| EDC | 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride |
| EDEA | N-Ethyldiethanolamine |
| EDL | Estimated detection limit |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
| EDXA | Energy dispersive X-ray analysis |
| ELFA | Enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EMC | Emission Measurement Center |
| EML | Environmental Measurements Laboratory |
| EMMI | Environmental Monitoring Methods Index |
| EMPA | Ethyl methylphosphonic acid |
| EMSL | Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory |
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
| EQL | Estimated quantitation limit |
| ERLN | Environmental Response Laboratory Network |
| ESI | Electrospray ionization |
| ESI-MS-MS | Electrospray ionization - tandem mass spectrometry |
| ETV | Environmental Technology Verification |
F |
|
| FA | immunofluorescence assay |
| FBI | U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| FEMS | Federation of European Microbiological Societies |
| FGC-ECD | Fast gas chromatography with electron capture detection |
| FID | Flame ionization detector |
| FL | Fluorescence detector |
| FPD | Flame photometric detector |
| FRET | Forster resonance energy transfer |
| FRhK-4 | Fetal rhesus monkey kidney |
| FRMAC | Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assessment Center |
| FSIS | Food Safety and Inspection Service |
G |
|
| GA | Tabun |
| GB | Sarin |
| GC | Gas chromatograph or Gas chromatography |
| GC-ECD | Gas chromatography-electron capture detector |
| GC-FID | Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector |
| GC-FPD | Gas chromatography-flame photometric detector |
| GC-MS | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| GC-MS-TOF | Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-time of flight |
| GC-NPD | Gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus detector |
| GD | Soman |
| GE | 1-Methylethyl ester ethylphosphonofluoridic acid |
| Ge | Germanium |
| Ge(Li) | Germanium (Lithium) |
| GF | Cyclohexyl sarin |
| GFAA | Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer or Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry |
| GTX | Gonyautoxins |
H |
|
| HASL | Health and Safety Laboratory, currently known as National Urban Security Technology Laboratory (NUSTL) |
| HAV | Hepatitis A virus |
| HCoV | Human coronavirus |
| HD | Sulfur mustard / mustard gas; bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide |
| HEPA | High-efficiency particulate air |
| HEV | Hepatitis E virus |
| HFBA | Heptafluorobutyric anhydride |
| HFBI | Heptafluorobutyrylimidazole |
| HHS | U.S. Health and Human Services |
| HILIC | Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| HILIC-MS-MS | Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| HLB | Hydrophilic-lipophilic-balanced |
| HMTD | Hexamethylenetriperoxidediamine |
| HMX | Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine |
| HN-1 | Nitrogen mustard 1; bis(2-chloroethyl)ethylamine |
| HN-2 | Nitrogen mustard 2; 2,2'-dichloro-N-methyldiethylamine N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine |
| HN-3 | Nitrogen mustard 3; tris(2-chloroethyl)amine |
| HPGe | High purity germanium |
| HPLC | High performance liquid chromatography |
| HPLC-FL | High performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence |
| HPLC-MS | High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| HPLC-MS-MS | High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| HPLC-UV | High performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet |
| HPLC-vis | High performance liquid chromatography-visible |
| HRP | Horseradish peroxidase |
| HSRP | Homeland Security Research Program |
| HTO | Tritiated water |
| HV | High volume |
I |
|
| IC | Ion chromatograph or Ion chromatography |
| ICLN | Integrated Consortium of Laboratory Networks |
| ICP | Intestinal contents preparation (pathogens); Inductively coupled plasma (chemistry) |
| ICP-AES | Inductively coupled plasma – atomic emission spectrometry |
| ICP-MS | Inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry |
| I.D. | Inner diameter |
| IDL | Instrument detection limit |
| IMPA | Isopropyl methylphosphonic acid |
| IMS | Immunomagnetic separation |
| IO | Inorganic |
| IRIS | Integrated Risk Information System (EPA) |
| ISE | Ion specific electrode |
| ISG | Impregnated silica gel |
| ISM02.3 | Inorganic Superfund Methods Multi-Media, Multi-Concentration ISM02.3 |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
K |
|
| KHP | Potassium hydrogen phthalate |
L |
|
| L-1 | Lewisite 1; 2-Chlorovinyldichloroarsine |
| L-2 | Lewisite 2; bis(2-Chlorovinyl)chloroarsine |
| L-3 | Lewisite 3; tris(2-Chlorovinyl)arsine |
| LC | Liquid chromatograph or Liquid chromatography |
| LC-APCI-MS | Liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry |
| LC-ESI-MS | Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry |
| LC-ESI-MS-MS | Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry |
| LCMRL | Lowest common minimum reporting level |
| LC-MS | Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry |
| LC-MS-MS | Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| LC-PIM-MS | Liquid chromatography-product ion monitoring-mass spectrometry |
| LC-UV | Liquid chromatography-ultraviolet |
| LD50 | Median lethal dose |
| LFA | Lateral flow immunoassay |
| LFD | Lateral flow device |
| LLD | Lower limit of detection |
| LLOQ | Lower limit of quantitation |
| LOD | Limit of detection |
| LOQ | Limit of quantitation |
| LRN | Laboratory Response Network |
| LSC | Liquid scintillation counter |
| LSE | Liquid-solid extraction |
M |
|
| M | Molar |
| mAbs | Monoclonal antibodies |
| MAE | Microwave-assisted extraction |
| MALDI | Matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization |
| MALDI-TOF-MS | Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| MARLAP | Multi-Agency Radiological Laboratory Analytical Protocols |
| MC | Microcystin |
| MDC | Minimum detectable concentration |
| MDCK | Madin-Darby canine kidney cells |
| MDEA | N-Methyldiethanolamine |
| MDL | Method detection limit |
| MFA | Monofluoroacetate |
| MIC | Methyl isocyanate |
| mLD50 | Mouse lethal dose |
| MPA | Methylphosphonic acid |
| MRL | Minimum reporting level |
| MRM | Multiple reaction monitoring |
| mRNA | Messenger ribonucleic acid |
| MS | Mass spectrometer or Mass spectrometry |
| MS-MS | Tandem mass spectrometry |
| MS/MSD | Matrix spike/Matrix spike duplicate |
| MSE | Microscale solvent extraction |
| MTBE | Methyl tert-butyl ether |
| MW | Molecular weight |
| MWCO | Molecular weight cut-off |
N |
|
| NA | Not applicable |
| NaI(Tl) | Thallium-activated sodium iodide |
| NAREL | National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory |
| NBD chloride | 7-Chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole |
| NCPDCID | National Center for the Prevention, Detection, and Control of Infectious Diseases |
| NCRP | National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements |
| NEMI | National Environmental Methods Index |
| NEO | Neosaxitoxins |
| NERL | National Exposure Research Laboratory (EPA) |
| NHSRC | National Homeland Security Research Center (EPA) |
| NIOSH | National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |
| NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| nM | Nanomolar |
| NMAM | NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods |
| NNSA | National Nuclear Security Administration |
| NOD | Nodularins |
| NPD | Nitrogen-phosphorus detector |
| NRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
| NRMRL | National Risk Management Research Laboratory (EPA) |
| nS | Nano siemens |
| NTIS | National Technical Information Service |
| NTU | Nephelometric turbidity units |
O |
|
| OAQPS | Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (EPA) |
| OAR | Office of Air and Radiation (EPA) |
| OGWDW | Office of Water, Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (EPA) |
| OLEM | Office of Land and Emergency Management (EPA) |
| ORAU | Oak Ridge Associated Universities |
| ORD | Office of Research and Development (EPA) |
| ORIA | Office of Radiation and Indoor Air (EPA) |
| ORISE | Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education |
| OSHA | Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
| OVS | OSHA versatile sampler |
| OW | Office of Water (EPA) |
P |
|
| PCDDs | Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins |
| PCDFs | Polychlorinated dibenzofurans |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
| PEL | Permissible exposure limit |
| PETN | Pentaerythritol tetranitrate |
| PFBHA | O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)-hydroxylamine |
| PFE | Pressurized fluid extraction |
| PHILIS | Portable High Throughput Integrated Laboratory Identification Systems |
| PIM | Product ion monitoring |
| PLOS | Public Library of Science |
| PLRP-S | Polymeric reversed phase |
| PMPA | Pinacolyl methyl phosphonic acid |
| 1,2-PP | 1-(2-Pyridyl)piperazine |
| ppbv | Parts per billion by volume |
| pptv | Parts per trillion by volume |
| PST | Paralytic shellfish toxin |
| PTFE | Polytetrafluoroethylene |
| PubMED | U.S. National Library of Medicine (http://www.pubmed.gov) |
| PUF | Polyurethane foam |
| PVC | Polyvinyl chloride |
| PVDF | Polyvinylidene fluoride |
Q |
|
| QA | Quality assurance |
| QAP | Quality assessment program |
| QC | Quality control |
| QL | Quantitation limit |
| qPCR | Quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
R |
|
| ® | Registered trademark |
| R 33 | Methylphosphonothioic acid, S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl] O-2-methylpropyl ester (VR) |
| RBA | Receptor binding assay |
| RCRA | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| RDX | Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine |
| RESL | Radiological and Environmental Sciences Laboratory |
| RFV | Relative fluorescence value |
| RLAB | Regional laboratory method |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid |
| RNAse | Ribonuclease |
| rRNA | Ribosomal ribonucleic acid |
| RTECS | Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances |
| RTG | Radioisotope thermoelectric generator |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| RT-qPCR | Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| RV-PCR | Rapid viability-polymerase chain reaction |
S |
|
| SAED | Select area electron diffraction |
| SAM | Selected Analytical Methods for Environmental Remediation and Recovery |
| SARS | Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
| SEA | Staphylococcal enterotoxin type A |
| SEB | Staphylococcal enterotoxin type B |
| SEC | Staphylococcal enterotoxin type C |
| SED | Staphylococcal enterotoxin type D |
| SEE | Staphylococcal enterotoxin type E |
| SET | Staphylococcal enterotoxin |
| SIM | Selective ion monitoring |
| SIS | Selected ion storage |
| SM | Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater |
| SOP | Standard operating procedure |
| SPE | Solid-phase extraction |
| SPR | Solid-phase receptacle |
| SRC | Syracuse Research Corporation |
| SRM | Single reaction monitoring |
| SRS | Savannah River National Laboratory, Savannah River Site |
| STEC | Shiga-toxigenic E. coli |
| STEL | Short term exposure limit |
| STS | Sample test source |
| STX | Saxitoxin |
| Stx | Shiga toxin |
| Stx-1 | Shiga toxin Type 1 |
| Stx-2 | Shiga toxin Type 2 |
| SW | Solid waste |
T |
|
| T0 | Time zero |
| T2O | Tritium oxide |
| TBD | To be determined |
| TCLP | Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure |
| TDG | Thiodiglycol |
| TEA | Triethanolamine |
| TEM | Transmission electron microscope or Transmission electron microscopy |
| TEPP | Tetraethyl pyrophosphate |
| TETS | Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine or tetramine |
| Tf | Time final |
| THF | Tetrahydrofuran |
| TIC | Total ion chromatogram |
| TIOA | Tri-isooctylamine |
| ™ | Unregistered trademark |
| 1,3,5-TNB | 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene |
| 2,4,6-TNT | 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene |
| TO | Toxic Organic |
| TOF | Time-of-flight |
| TOF-MS | Time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| TOPO | Trioctylphosphine oxide |
| TOXNET | Toxicology Data Network |
| TRU | Transuranic |
| TTX | Tetrodotoxin |
U |
|
| UF | Ultrafiltration |
| U.S. | United States |
| USDA | U.S. Department of Agriculture |
| USGS | U.S. Geological Survey |
| UV | Ultraviolet |
V |
|
| VBNC | Viable but non-culturable |
| VC | Vibrio cholerae |
| VCSB | Voluntary Consensus Standard Body |
| VE | Phosphonothioic acid, ethyl-, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester |
| VG | Phosphonothioic acid, S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O,O-diethyl ester |
| vis | Visible detector |
| VM | Phosphonothioic acid, methyl-,S-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl) O-ethyl ester |
| VOA | Volatile organic analysis |
| VOC | Volatile organic compound |
| VR | Methylphosphonothioic acid, S-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl] O-2-methylpropyl ester (R 33) |
| VX | O-Ethyl-S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl)methylphosphonothiolate |
W |
|
| WCIT | Water Contaminant Information Tool |
| WEF | Water Environment Federation |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WLA | Water Laboratory Alliance |
| WSD | Water Security Division (EPA, Office of Water) |
Y |
|
| YP | Yersinia pestis |