Bioassays are a potential solution for assessing complex samples since they screen for total bioactivity for a given pathway or mode of action, such as estrogen receptor activation, in the samples. EPA has made considerable progress in the development of these assays as effects-based monitoring tools, and has applied them in a growing number of water quality assessments.

• Bioassays for Evaluating Water Quality-Technical Brief (PDF)(2 pp, 220 K, March 28, 2018, EPA/600/F-18/048 )