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Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System (CMAQ)

How to Cite CMAQ

We are glad that you have found CMAQ useful and are interested in referencing one of our released model versions, scientific algorithms or model output in your own publication. Based on your situation, please use the appropriate convention below.


​Table of Contents

Referencing a Specific Model Version:

Example citation for a specific model version (following APA guidance):

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2020). CMAQ (Version 5.3.2) [Software]. Available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4081737

Version Release Date DOI
5.3.2 October 2020 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4081737
5.3.1 December 2019 doi:10.5281/zenodo.3585898
5.3 August 2019 doi:10.5281/zenodo.3379043
5.2.1 March 2018 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1212601
5.2 Jun 2017 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1167892
5.1 Dec 2015 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1079909
5.0.2 May 2014 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1079898
5.0 Feb 2012 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1079888
4.7.1 Jun 2010 doi:10.5281/zenodo.1079879

Referencing a Specific Scientific Component of the System

Transport and Physical Processes

Original Review of CMAQ's Algorithms and Governing Equations 

Byun, D. & Schere, K.L. (2006). Review of the governing equations, computational algorithms, and other components of the Model-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System. Appl. Mech. Rev. 59(2): 51-77. doi: 10.1115/1.2128636Exit

Particle Microphysics and Chemistry

Organic Aerosol

CMAQv5.3 and later (all aero7 versions) - Monoterpene photooxidation SOA

Xu, L., Pye, H. O. T., He, J., Chen, Y. L., Murphy, B. N., Ng, N. L. (2018). Experimental and model estimates of the contributions from biogenic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes to secondary organic aerosol in the southeastern United States.  Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18: 12613-12637. doi: 10.5194/acp-18-12613-2018 Exit

CMAQv5.2 and later - SOA parameter updates (multiple systems)

Pye, H. O. T., Murphy, B. N., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Carlton, A. G., Guo, H., Weber, R., Vasilakos, P., Appel, K. W., Budisulistiorini, S. H., Surratt, J. D., Nenes, A., Hu, W., Jimenez, J. L., Isaacman-VanWertz, G., Misztal, P. K., & Goldstein, A. H. (2017). On the implications of aerosol liquid water and phase separation for organic aerosol mass. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17: 343-369. doi:10.5194/acp-17-343-2017Exit

CMAQv5.2 and later - Semivolatile POA + Potential Combustion SOA 

Murphy, B. N., Woody, M. C., Jimenez, J. L., Carlton, A. M. G., Hayes, P. L., Liu, S., Ng, N. L., Russell, L. M., Setyan, A., Xu, L., Young, J., Zaveri, R. A., Zhang, Q., and Pye, H. O. T. (2017). Semivolatile POA and parameterized total combustion SOA in CMAQv5.2: impacts on source strength and partitioning, Atmos. Chem. Phys. , 17: 11107-11133. doi: 10.5194/acp-2017-11107-2017 EXIT

CMAQv5.2 and later for all saprco7tic and v5.3 and later for cb6r3 aero7 - monoterpene nitrate SOA and glyoxal SOA formation in aqueous aerosols

Pye, H.O.T.; Luecken, D.J.; Xu, L.; Boyd, C.M; Ng, N.L.; Baker, K.R.; Ayres, B.R.; Bash, J.O.; Baumann, K.; Carter, W. P.L.; Edgerton, E.; Fry, J.L.; Hutzell, W.T.; Schwede, D.B.; Shepson, P.B., Modeling the current and future roles of particulate organic nitrates in the southerneastern United States. Environ Sci Technol 2015, 49(24), 14195-14203. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03738

CMAQv5.1 and later - PAH/alkane SOA

Pye, H.O.T & Pouliot, G.A. (2012). Modeling the role of alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and their oligomers in secondary organic aerosol formation. Environ. Sci. Technol., 46: 6041-6047. doi: 10.1021/es300409wEXIT

CMAQv5.1 and later - Isoprene epoxydiol SOA framework

Pye, H.O.T., Pinder, R.W., Piletic, I., Xie, Y., Capps, S.L., Lin, Y.-H., Surratt, J.D., Zhang, Z., Gold, A., Luecken, D.J., Hutzell, W.T., Jaoui, M., Offenberg, J.H., Kleindienst, T.E., Lewandowski, M., & Edney, E.O. (2013). Epoxide pathways improve model predictions of isoprene markers and reveal key role of acidity in aerosol formation. Environ. Sci.  Technol.47(19): 11056-11064. doi: 10.1021/es402106hEXIT

CMAQv5.0 and later - Nonvolatile POA 

Simon, H., & Bhave, P.V. (2012). Simulating the degree of oxidation in atmospheric organic particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46(1): 331-339. doi: 10.1021/es202361wEXIT

CMAQv4.7 - SOA

Carlton, A. G., Bhave, P. V., Napelenok, S. L., Edney, E. O., Sarwar, G., Pinder, R. W., Pouliot, G. A., & Houyoux, M. (2010). Model representation of secondary organic aerosol in CMAQv4.7. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(22): 8553–8560. doi: 10.1021/es100636qEXIT

Cloud Chemistry

CMAQv5.1 and later

Fahey, K.M., Carlton, A.G., Pye, H.O.T., Baek, J., Hutzell, W.T., Stanier, C.O., Baker, K.R., Appel, K.W., Jaoui, M., & Offenberg, J.H. (2017). A framework for expanding aqueous chemistry in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 5.1. Geoscientific Model Development, 10, 1587-1605. doi: 10.5194/gmd-10-1587-2017Exit

PM2.5 Trace Elements

Appel, K.W., Pouliot, G.A., Simon, H., Sarwar, G., Pye, H.O.T., Napelenok, S.L., Akhtar, F., & Roselle, S.J. (2013). Evaluation of dust and trace metal estimates from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 5.0. Geoscientific Model Development, 6, 883-899. doi: 10.5194/gmd-6-883-2013Exit

Reff, A.H., Bhave, P., Simon, H., Pace, T., Pouliot, G., Mobley, D., & Houyoux, M. (2009). Emissions inventory of PM2.5 trace elements across the United States. Environmental Science & Technology, 43(15), 5790-5796. doi:10.1021/es802930xExit

CMAQ Implementations of Gas-phase Chemical Mechanisms

CBO6

Luecken, D.J., Yarwood, G.,  & Hutzell, W.H. (2019).  Multipollutant of ozone, reactive nitrogen and HAPs across the continental US with CMAQ-CB6. Atmospheric Environment, 201, 62-72. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.11.060 Exit

CBO5

Sarwar, G., Luecken, D.J., Yarwood, G., Whitten, G.D., & Carter, W.P. (2008). Impact of an updated carbon bond mechanism on predictions from the CMAQ modeling system: preliminary assessment. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47(1), 3-14.

CB05TU

Sarwar, G., Appel, K.W., Carlton, A.G., Mathur, R., Schere, K., Zhang, R., & Majeed, M.A. (2011). Impact of a new condensed toluene mechanism on air quality model predictions in the US. Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 183-193. doi: 10.5194/gmd-4-183-2011Exit

Whitten, G.Z., Heo, G., Kimura, Y., McDonald-Buller, E., Allen, D.T., Carter, W.PL., & Yarwood, D. (2010). A new condensed toluene mechanism for Carbon Bond: CB05-TU. Atmosperic Environment, 44, 5346-5355. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.12.029Exit

CB05TUCl

Sarwar, G., Simon, H., Bhave, P., & Yarwood, G. (2012). Examining the impact of heterogeneous nitryl chloride production on air quality across the United States. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 6455-6473. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-6455-2012Exit

CB05e51

Appel, K.W., Napelenok, S., Foley, K.M., Pye, H.O.T., Hogrefe, C., Luecken, D.J., Bash, J.O., Roselle, S.J., Pleim, J.E., Foroutan, H., Hutzell, W., Pouliot, G., Sarwar, G., Sarwar, G., Fahey, K., Gantt, B., Gilliam, R.C., Kang, D., Mathur, R., Schwede, D., Spero, T., Wong, D.C., & Young, J. (2017). Overview and evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 5.1. Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., 1-41. doi: 10.5194/gmd-2016-226 EXIT.

RACM2

Sarwar, G., Godowitch, J., Henderson, B., Fahey, K., Pouliot, G., Hutzell, B., Mathur, R., Kang, D., Goliff, W., & Stockwell, W. (2013). A comparison of atmospheric composition using the Carbon Bond and Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanisms. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,13(19):9675-9712.

SAPRC07T

Hutzell, W.T., Luecken, D.J., Appel, W.K., & Carter, W.P. (2011). Interpreting Predictions from the SAPRC07 Mechanism Based on Regional and Continental Simulations. Atmospheric Environment, 46(00), 417-429.

SAPRC07tic

Xie, Y., Paulot, F., Carter, W., Nolte, C., Luecken, D., Hutzell, B., Wennberg, P., Cohen, R., & Pinder, R. (2013). Understanding the impact of recent advances in isoprene photooxidation on simulations of regional air quality. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,13, 8439-8455.

Marine Halogen Chemistry

Sarwar, G., Gantt, B., Schwede, D., Foley, K., Mathur, R., & Saiz-Lopez, A. (2015). Impact of enhanced ozone deposition and halogen chemistry on tropospheric ozone over the Northern Hemisphere. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(15), 9203-9211.

ClNO2 Chemistry

Sarwar, G., Simon, H., Bhave, P., & Yarwood, G. (2012). Examining the impact of heterogeneous nitryl chloride production on air quality across the United States. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 12, 6455-6473. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-6455-2012EXIT

Surface Exchange Processes

M3DRY 

 Pleim, J. E., Ran, L., Appel, W., Shephard, M. W., & Cady‐Pereira, K. (2019). New bidirectional ammonia flux model in an air quality model coupled with an agricultural model. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 11(9):2934-2957. doi: 10.1029/2019MS001728 Exit

Referencing Evaluation of a Specific Version 

CMAQv5.2

Appel, W., Napelenok, S., Hogrefe, C., Pouliot, G., Foley, K., Roselle, S., Pleim, J.,  Bash,  J. , Pye, H., Heath, N., Murphy, B. and Mathur, R. (2017). Overview and Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System Version 5.2. Chapter 11, Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXV. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham (ZG), Switzerland,  69-73, (2017), doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-57645-9_11  EXIT.

CMAQv5.1

Appel, K.W., Napelenok, S., Foley, K.M., Pye, H.O.T., Hogrefe, C., Luecken, D.J., Bash, J.O., Roselle, S.J., Pleim, J.E., Foroutan, H., Hutzell, W., Pouliot, G., Sarwar, G., Sarwar, G., Fahey, K., Gantt, B., Gilliam, R.C., Kang, D., Mathur, R., Schwede, D., Spero, T., Wong, D.C., and Young, J. (2017). Description and evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 5.1. Geosci. Model Dev., 10: 1703-1732, doi: 10.5194/gmd-10-1703-2017 EXIT.

CMAQv5.0

Appel, K.W., Pouliot, G.A., Simon, H., Sarwar, G., Pye, H.O.T., Napelenok, S.L., Akhtar, F., and Roselle, S.J. (2013). Evaluation of dust and trace metal estimates from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 5.0. Geosci. Model Dev.6: 883-899. doi: 10.5194/gmd-6-883-2013EXIT

CMAQv4.7

Appel, K.W., Foley, K. Bash, J.O., Pinder, R.W., Dennis, R.L., Allen, D.J., & Pickering, K.  (2011). A multi-resolution assessment of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model v4.7 wet deposition estimates for 2002 - 2006. Geosci. Model Dev., 4(2): 357-371. doi: 10.5194/gmd-4-357-2011EXIT 

Foley, K., Roselle, S.J., Appel, K.W., Bhave, P., Pleim, J.E., Otte, T.L., Mathur, R., Sarwar, G., Young, J.O., Gilliam, R.C., Nolte, C.G., Kelly, J.T., Gilliland, A., & Bash, J.O. (2010). Incremental testing of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system version 4.7. Geosci. Model Dev., 3: 205-226. doi: 10.5194/gmd-3-205-2010EXIT

CMAQv4.5

Appel, K.W., Bhave, P., Gilliland, A., Sarwar, G., & Roselle, S.J. (2008). Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 4.5: uncertainties and sensitivities impacting model performance: part II - particulate matter. Atmospheric Environment, 42(24): 6057-6066. doi:  10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.03.036EXIT

Appel, K.W., Gilliland, A., Sarwar, G., & Gilliam R.C. (2007). Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 4.5: uncertainties and sensitivities impacting model performance: part I - ozone. Atmospheric Environment, 41(40): 9603-9613. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.08.044EXIT

General Citation of the CMAQ System

If you are mentioning the CMAQ system overall, and not a specific version or dataset, you can use the following DOI which represents all versions: doi:10.5281/zenodo.107987