Lead at Superfund Sites: Software and Users' Manuals
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Updates will be posted here periodically. The source code for the IEUBK model is available on request via the website. It is the responsibility of the user to verify that the latest version of the software is being used.
Please refer to the Guidance page for technical reports, guidance documents and short sheets related to the use of the IEUBK model and the ALM.
Bound hard copies of the 1994 IEUBK model (version 0.99d) documentation can be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).
On this page:
Download the IEUBK
- Overview of Changes From IEUBKwin version 1 build 264 to IEUBKwin version 1.1
- Windows® version 1.1, build 11
- User's Guide
- Guidance Manual
- Technical Support Document
- Reference Manual
- System Requirements and Design document
Download the ALM
- Recommendations document and spreadsheets
- Update of the Adult Lead Methodology’s Default Baseline Blood Lead Concentration and Geometric Standard Deviation Parameter
- ALM Review Report
Overview of Changes From IEUBKwin version 1 build 264 to IEUBKwin version 1.1 (June 2009)
The following changes have been made in this version of the IEUBKwin v1.1 build 11:
- Updated model input variables for dietary lead exposure.
- Updated baseline maternal blood lead concentration (PbB) to make it consistent with recent data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
- Replaced the discontinuous function relating age and bone weight with a continuous function.
- Changed the graphical user interface to add a beginner mode to simplify the use of the model for beginning users.
- Implemented a function to simplify calculation of preliminary remediation goals (PRGs).
- Simplified the help file structure.
Overview of Changes from IEUBKwin version 1 build 264 to IEUBKwin version 1.1 (PDF)(3 pp, 69 K): This memo provides complete details on the changes above.
Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children, Windows® version (IEUBKwin v1.1 build 11)
(February, 2010) 32-bit version
This is the Windows®-based version of the IEUBK model (IEUBKwin v1.1 build 11).
To extract the model, save the archive file to a directory of your choice, then open the archive and run the setup.exe file to perform the setup. To run the model, click on the executable model file IEUBKwin1_1 Build 11.
The following changes were made in this build of the IEUBK:
- Add text to the FIND PRG screen to indicate the calculations may take a few moments.
- Revise the help file to address the beginner vs. advanced mode of operation, and include context- sensitive help button on window.
- Revise the help file to include help on the FIND PRG function, and include context sensitive help button on window.
EPA required that the IEUBKwin model be portable. Consequently, it was important to efficiently recode the IEUBKwin model. This feature makes distribution of the model both inexpensive and easy. The compiler program – Visual C++ version 6.0 – was selected as the development tool. This feature makes the IEUBKwin model portable in select 32-bit Windows environments.
IEUBK Model Frequent Questions page
User's Guide for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version
[EPA 9285.7-42] (Updated May 2007)
This instructional guide for IEUBKwin users provides the basics needed for accurate application and interpretation of the model, including how to install and run it, model inputs and outputs, model analysis, interpretation of results, minimum requirements for risk assessment application, and example scenarios. Users can refer to the IEUBK Model Guidance Manual for supplemental information concerning the parameters and correct application of IEUBKwin.
- User's Guide for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version (PDF) (59 pp, 621 K)
Guidance Manual for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children
This document describes key features of the conceptual underpinnings of the IEUBK model, its evolution and development, its capabilities and its limitations. It also provides guidance on the use of the model as a risk assessment tool.
- Introductory Materials (PDF) (title page, TOC, glossary of terms) (268 pp, 164 K)
- Chapter 1 (PDF)(29 pp, 190 K)
- Chapter 2 (PDF)(50 pp, 947 K)
- Chapter 3 (PDF)(13 pp, 238 K)
- Chapter 4 (PDF)(67 pp, 422 K)
- Chapter 5 (PDF)(32 pp, 154 K)
- Chapter 6 (PDF)(11 pp, 63 K)
- Appendix A (PDF)(16 pp, 176 K)
- Appendix B (PDF)(5 pp, 30K)
Technical Support Document for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (v0.99d)
[NTIS #PB94-963505, EPA 9285.7-22] (December 1994)
This document provides a detailed description of the equations and parameters used in the IEUBK model. It is a companion to the IEUBK Model Guidance Manual.
- Technical Support Document for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (v0.99d) (PDF)(114 pp, 596 K)
Reference Manual for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version
[EPA 9285.7-44] (May 2002)
This document provides a quick introduction to IEUBKwin for users already familiar with the DOS version (0.99d). It describes the changes made to the model since the release of the DOS version (0.99d) in 1994. A general overview of the IEUBK model, a synopsis of the types of guidance documentation available for the model (including directives, software documentation, short sheets and fact sheets), and points of contact for additional information are all provided here.
- Reference Manual for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version (PDF) (22 pp, 253 K)
System Requirements and Design for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version
[EPA 9285.7-43] (Updated May 2007)
This document is an all-inclusive synopsis of the requirements for the development of the IEUBK model. It documents the design and implementation of the converted program, and serves as reference that can be used in the future for model enhancement or modification. The requirements portion of this document describes the parameters and equations used in the DOS version (0.99d) of the model. The design portion describes the structure and details of the design of the model as converted from DOS to a Windows® program.
- System Requirements and Design for the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model for Lead in Children (IEUBK) Windows® 32-bit version (PDF)(131 pp, 2.8 MB)
- Appendix A (PDF)(25 pp, 277 K)
- Appendix B (PDF)(17 pp, 609 K)
- Appendix C (PDF)(36 pp, 796 K)
- Appendix D (PDF)(14 pp, 57 K)
Recommendations of the Technical Review Workgroup for Lead for an Approach to Assessing Risks Associated with Adult Exposures to Lead in Soil
[EPA-540-R-03-001, OSWER Dir #9285.7-54] December 1996 (January 2003) -- The Adult Lead Methodology (ALM)
Note: This January 2003 document does not incorporate the NHANES III survey recommendations of the TRW. Baseline blood lead concentration (PbB) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) values for the ALM should be input into the ALM based on the information presented in the NHANES report, available on the Guidance page.
This document describes a methodology for assessing risks associated with non-residential adult exposures to lead in soil. The methodology focuses on estimating fetal blood lead concentrations in women exposed to lead-contaminated soils. This approach also provides tools for evaluating risks of elevated blood lead concentrations among exposed adults. Based on the TRW's analysis of the data collected in the completed NHANES III survey (1999-2004), updated ranges for the baseline adult blood lead concentration (PbB) and GSDi adult parameters in the ALM have been included in the spreadsheets. However, recent scientific evidence has demonstrated adverse health effects at blood lead concentrations below 10 µg/dL down to 5 µg/dL, and possibly below. OSRTI is developing a new soil lead policy to address this new information. Until that soil lead policy is finalized, regional risk assessors and managers should consult with the TRW’s Lead Committee before applying these updated values for risk assessment. The spreadsheet below provides both the previous (NHANES III Phases 1 and 2) analysis and updates.
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Adult Lead Methodology (ALM) (PDF)(55 pp, 702 K)
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Spreadsheet for Calculation of PRGs: Appendix B of ALM document(2 pp, 18 K)
Update of the Adult Lead Methodology’s Default Baseline Blood Lead Concentration and Geometric Standard Deviation Parameter
[OLEM Directive 9285.6-56] May 2017 -- Update to the ALM
The recommendations in this document provide the technical basis for updating the default baseline blood-lead concentration and default geometric standard deviation input parameters of the Adult Lead Methodology and maternal blood-lead concentration in the Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model.
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Update of the Adult Lead Methodology’s Default Baseline Blood Lead Concentration and Geometric Standard Deviation Parameter (PDF)(12 pp, 2.71 MB)
- Adult Lead Methodology FAQ entry: Implementing the NHANES Update in the ALM
Review of Adult Lead Models: Evaluation of Models for Assessing Human Health Risks Associated with Lead Exposures at Non-Residential Areas of Superfund and Other Hazardous Waste Sites
[OSWER Dir #9285.7-46] August 2001 -- The ALM Review Report
This report reviews the ALM as well as other modeling approaches and their potential applicability to assessing non-residential lead exposures and risks.